referencing

=**Referencing your Source Material**=

//When you use books, internet pages, and magazine articles to research and gain information to write your essays you must include a list of **references** (books, magazines internet sites used) at the bottom of your essay. This guide shows you how to do this correctly.//


 * || **Book** || **Magazine Article** ||
 * **Step 1** |||| Always write the references in Alphabetical order according to the author’s surname (if there are two authors use the first author’s surname). ||
 * **Step 2** |||| Write the Author’s name first. Surname then initial(s) or first name. Use a comma between the Surname and initial or first name. ||
 * **Step 3** |||| Write the year the book/ magazine was first published. Use a full stop after the year. ||
 * **Step 4** || Write the title of the book and //italicise// it. Use a full stop after the title. || Write the title of the magazine article. Use “ …” to show the title Use a full stop after the title. ||
 * **Step 5** || Write the city where the book was published Use a colon after the city name. || Write the title of the magazine including volume number and issue. Use //Italics// to show the magazine title only. ||
 * **Step 6** || Write the name of the publisher. Finish with a full stop. || Write the page numbers of the article. Use pp to show page numbers. ||

__Books:__ Singleton, D. 1989. //Language Acquisition//. Oxford: Newhouse Publishers.
 * Examples:**

__Magazine Articles:__ Roger, Warwick. 2004. “Quiz Night”. //North and South// July 2004, pp 52-58.

__Websites:__ Andrews, Susan. 2004. //How to learn English.// www.esolalive.com __Interviews:__ Zheng, Peter. Interview. 16 July 2005.

=Citations and Quotations=


 * A citation is where you refer to what someone else has already said about your topic. If you do this you must reference it correctly.
 * A quotation is when you quote, use a phrase or part of text in your essay because it supports what you are saying, from one of your sources. You must reference correctly and include the book or article where the quote came from in your references.

Citations: Write the author’s surname noting the year in brackets and page number from book where the information is given. e.g. Cumming (1989: 124) suggests that on the basis of his research being able to write requires a special kind of intelligence.

Quotations: Write the author’s name and note the year and page number in brackets. Include the quote in speech marks “…”. e.g. According to Kennedy (2003, 139) “about a third of all the words in spoken or written texts are nouns or pronouns.”

Sentences to use with citations and quotations
Davies (1993: 34) suggests that……. According to Ranchod (2008) ………… Roper (1999: 24) concluded that ………… Wallace (2004: 54) points out that ………. Another approach given by House (2007) is that ………. On the other hand Mobs (1998) states that ………… For example Croft (1989) found that ………. Smith (1997:20) states that…………… Yet Jones (2003) asserts that………. One of the findings from Williams (2004) was …….. Wilson (2005: 287) argues that …………….

BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE:
Butcher, Andrew. 2004. Educate, consolidate, immigrate: educational education in Auckland, New Zealand. //Asia Pacific Viewpoint// 45:2. Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu. June 2007. //Comparative costs for international students in New Zealand, Australia, Canada, the UK and the USA//. A report prepared for Education New Zealand: Wellington. Hearps, Ron. 2007. //Agents, the internet or both: How to fully integrate agents into your online student recruiting.// Presentation made at the New Zealand International Education Conference: Christchurch. Holmes, Prue. 2006. Problematising intercultural communication competence in the pluricultural classroom: Chinese students in a New Zealand university. //Language and Intercultural Communication// 6:1. JWT Education. 2007. //Analysis of European secondary school students’ motivation and decision-making//. Education New Zealand Marketing Research: Wellington. Ministry of Education (MoE). 2003. //Code of practice for the pastoral care of international student//. Ministry of Education: Wellington. Porter, M. 1985. //Competitive advantage//. The Free Press: New York Scott, Guy & Scott, Helen. 2005. A longitudinal study of New Zealand university income and student numbers. //New Zealand Journal of Tertiary Education Policy//. 1:2 Smith, L M & Rae, A N. 2006. Coping with demand: Managing international student numbers at New Zealand universities. //Journal of Studies in International Education//. 10:1 //Times Higher Education Supplement Ranking//. 2007. London, England. [|http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk] Van Wichen Miller, Jude & Tao, Li. 2007. ‘//Demand side’ market research – China and Vietnam.// Lift Education. Prepared for the Ministry of Education: Wellington. Wikipedia.org. 2008. //Porter’s 5 force analysis//. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/porter_5_forces_analysis